範疇 | (C) 性教育 8. 道德討論 |
編號 | C80016 |
作者 | NIL |
題目 | 失聰女同志借「聾種」產嬰 |
日期 | 20020409 |
簡介 | 美國馬里蘭州一對同是失聰的女同性戀人,利用人工受孕手術,在一名男性友人協助下誕下了一名男嬰。然而她們竟然刻意利用控制基因和「設計嬰兒」的技術,令這名男嬰一生下來也和她們一模一樣是失聰的。 |
關鍵詞 | 美國, 失聰, 同性戀, 人工受孕, 控制基因 |
來源 | 星島日報 |
連結 | NIL |
Sexual Orientation in a U.S. National Sample of Twin and Nontwin Sibling Pairs
範疇 | (D) 同性戀研究 1.ii. 科學研究.原因 |
編號 | D1ii0016 |
作者 | Kenneth S. Kendler, Laura M. Thornton, Stephen E. Gilman, and Ronald C. Kessler |
題目 | Sexual Orientation in a U.S. National Sample of Twin and Nontwin Sibling Pairs |
日期 | 20001101 |
簡介 | Although previous studies have suggested that sexual orientation is influenced by familial factors, which may be partly genetic, these studies have relied on unrepresentative and potentially biased samples. The authors attempted to estimate the role of genetic and environmental factors in the determination of sexual orientation in a more representative sample. |
關鍵詞 | Sexual Orientation, Genetic factors, Environmental factors, Twin pairs, Nontwin sibling pairs |
來源 | The American Journal of Psychiatry |
連結 | https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.11.1843?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed |
Genome-Wide Association Study of Male Sexual Orientation
範疇 | (D) 同性戀研究 1.ii. 科學研究.原因 |
編號 | D1ii0015 |
作者 | Alan R. Sanders, Gary W. Beecham, Shengru Guo, Khytam Dawood, Gerulf Rieger, Judith A. Badner, Elliot S. Gershon, Ritesha S. Krishnappa, Alana B. Kolundzija, Jubao Duan, MGS Collaboration, Pablo V. Gejman, J. Michael Bailey & Eden R. Martin |
題目 | Genome-Wide Association Study of Male Sexual Orientation |
日期 | 20171207 |
簡介 | Family and twin studies suggest that genes play a role in male sexual orientation. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of male sexual orientation on a primarily European ancestry sample of 1,077 homosexual men and 1,231 heterosexual men using Affymetrix single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. We identified several SNPs with p < 10−5, including regions of multiple supporting SNPs on chromosomes 13 (minimum p = 7.5 × 10−7) and 14 (p = 4.7 × 10−7). The genes nearest to these peaks have functions plausibly relevant to the development of sexual orientation. On chromosome 13, SLITRK6 is a neurodevelopmental gene mostly expressed in the diencephalon, which contains a region previously reported as differing in size in men by sexual orientation. On chromosome 14, TSHR genetic variants in intron 1 could conceivably help explain past findings relating familial atypical thyroid function and male homosexuality. Furthermore, skewed X chromosome inactivation has been found in the thyroid condition, Graves’ disease, as well as in mothers of homosexual men. On pericentromeric chromosome 8 within our previously reported linkage peak, we found support (p = 4.1 × 10−3) for a SNP association previously reported (rs77013977, p = 7.1 × 10−8), with the combined analysis yielding p = 6.7 × 10−9, i.e., a genome-wide significant association. |
關鍵詞 | Behavioural genetics, Human behaviour, GWAS, Male sexual orientation, Neuronal function |
來源 | scientific reports |
連結 | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-15736-4 |
What Genetics Is Teaching Us About Sexuality
範疇 | (D) 同性戀研究 1.ii. 科學研究.原因 |
編號 | D1ii0014 |
作者 | Steven M. Phelps and Robbee Wedow |
題目 | What Genetics Is Teaching Us About Sexuality |
日期 | 20190829 |
簡介 | As researchers in biology and sociology who are also gay men, we have long wondered (and debated) whether sexual orientation has any biological basis. We followed the ascent in the 1990s of the “gay gene” finding — which claimed that male sexual orientation was linked to specific DNA markers — and then watched as that result was called into question. We have wondered whether the two of us, who differ in so many ways, could really trace our common identity to a shared biology. |
關鍵詞 | Sexual orientation, Biological basis, Gay gene, DNA, Cultural and social context |
來源 | The New York Times |
連結 | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/29/opinion/genetics-sexual-orientation-study.html |
Genetic and Environmental Effects on Same-sex Sexual Behavior: A Population Study of Twins in Sweden
範疇 | (D) 同性戀研究 1.ii. 科學研究.原因 |
編號 | D1ii0013 |
作者 | Niklas Långström, Qazi Rahman, Eva Carlström & Paul Lichtenstein |
題目 | Genetic and Environmental Effects on Same-sex Sexual Behavior: A Population Study of Twins in Sweden |
日期 | 20080607 |
簡介 | There is still uncertainty about the relative importance of genes and environments on human sexual orientation. One reason is that previous studies employed self-selected, opportunistic, or small population-based samples. We used data from a truly population-based 2005–2006 survey of all adult twins (20–47 years) in Sweden to conduct the largest twin study of same-sex sexual behavior attempted so far. We performed biometric modeling with data on any and total number of lifetime same-sex sexual partners, respectively. The analyses were conducted separately by sex. Twin resemblance was moderate for the 3,826 studied monozygotic and dizygotic same-sex twin pairs. Biometric modeling revealed that, in men, genetic effects explained .34–.39 of the variance, the shared environment .00, and the individual-specific environment .61–.66 of the variance. Corresponding estimates among women were .18–.19 for genetic factors, .16–.17 for shared environmental, and 64–.66 for unique environmental factors. Although wide confidence intervals suggest cautious interpretation, the results are consistent with moderate, primarily genetic, familial effects, and moderate to large effects of the nonshared environment (social and biological) on same-sex sexual behavior. |
關鍵詞 | Sexual behavior, Sexual orientation, Population, Twin study |
來源 | Springer Link |
連結 | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-008-9386-1 |
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Sexual Orientation
範疇 | (D) 同性戀研究 1.ii. 科學研究.原因 |
編號 | D1ii0012 |
作者 | Khytam Dawood, J. Michael Bailey, and Nicholas G. Martin |
題目 | Genetic and Environmental Influences on Sexual Orientation |
日期 | 2009 |
簡介 | The primary focus of this chapter is to provide an overview of the evidence to date on the quantitative genetics of sexual orientation, including family and twin studies. The bulk of the available evidence suggests moderate heritability for male sexual orientation. Female sexual orientation has been studied much less extensively, but current studies are consistent with a genetic contribution for women as well. Familial aggregation has been reported in several family studies of both male and female homosexuality, although the genetic and environmental influences on this familial clustering have not been clearly defined by the largest twin studies published thus far, which have produced contradictory results. Recent molecular genetic studies will also be reviewed, including the two main strategies that have been used to date – linkage and association analysis. We will also discuss the implications of recent advances in molecular genetic studies. |
關鍵詞 | Sexual Orientation. Affect Sibling Pair, Male Homosexuality, Childhood Gender Nonconformity, Mail Sexual Orientation |
來源 | Springer Link |
連結 | https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-76727-7_19 |
How many genes does it take to make a person?
範疇 | (C) 性教育 3. 性別理論 |
編號 | C30029 |
作者 | Sean Nee |
題目 | How many genes does it take to make a person? |
日期 | 20161019 |
簡介 | As researchers devise new ways to count not just the genes an organism has, but also the ones it has that are superfluous, there’s a clear convergence between the number of genes in what we’ve always thought of as the simplest lifeforms – viruses – and the most complex – us. It’s time to rethink the question of how the complexity of an organism is reflected in its genome. |
關鍵詞 | Genes, Microbiology, Human genome, Viruses, Bacterial biofilm |
來源 | The Conversation |
連結 | https://theconversation.com/how-many-genes-does-it-take-to-make-a-person-64284 |
Not just about sex: throughout our bodies, thousands of genes act differently in men and women
範疇 | (C) 性教育 3. 性別理論 |
編號 | C30028 |
作者 | Jenny Graves |
題目 | Not just about sex: throughout our bodies, thousands of genes act differently in men and women |
日期 | 20171101 |
簡介 | Most of us are familiar with the genetic differences between men and women. But a recent paper claims that beyond just genes on X and Y, a full third of our genome is behaving very differently in men and women. These new data pose challenges for science, medicine and maybe even gender equity. |
關鍵詞 | Genetic differences, Research paper, Men and Women, Gender equity, Sexual stereotypes |
來源 | The Conversation |
連結 | https://theconversation.com/amp/not-just-about-sex-throughout-our-bodies-thousands-of-genes-act-differently-in-men-and-women-86613 |
Large-scale GWAS reveals insights into the genetic architecture of same-sex sexual behavior
範疇 | (D) 同性戀研究 1.ii 科學研究.原因 |
編號 | D1ii0011 |
作者 | Andrea Ganna, Karin J. H. Verweij, Michel G. Nivard, Robert Maier, Robbee Wedow, Alexander S. Busch, Abdel Abdellaoui, Shengru Guo, J. Fah Sathirapongsasuti, 23andMe Research Team, Paul Lichtenstein, Sebastian Lundström, Niklas Långström, Adam Auton, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Gary W. Beecham, Eden R. Martin, Alan R. Sanders, John R. B. Perry, Benjamin M. Neale, Brendan P. Zietsch |
題目 | Large-scale GWAS reveals insights into the genetic architecture of same-sex sexual behavior |
日期 | 20190830 |
簡介 | Twin studies and other analyses of inheritance of sexual orientation in humans has indicated that same-sex sexual behavior has a genetic component. Previous searches for the specific genes involved have been underpowered and thus unable to detect genetic signals. Ganna et al. perform a genome-wide association study on 493,001 participants from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden to study genes associated with sexual orientation. They find multiple loci implicated in same-sex sexual behavior indicating that, like other behavioral traits, nonheterosexual behavior is polygenic. |
關鍵詞 | Sexual orientation, Genetic component, Same-sex sexual behavior, Polygenic, Twin studies |
來源 | Science |
連結 | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aat7693 |
The gay gene myth has been exploded
範疇 | (D) 同性戀研究 1.ii. 科學研究.原因 |
編號 | D1ii0010 |
作者 | Paul Sullins |
題目 | The gay gene myth has been exploded |
日期 | 20190903 |
簡介 | The findings of a study of the genetic basis of homosexuality published last week in the journal Science explode the false narrative that being gay is an innate condition that is controlled or largely compelled by one’s genetic makeup. The study found that a person’s developmental environment–the influence of diet, family, friends, neighbourhood, religion, and a host of other life conditions–was twice as influential as genetics on the probability of adopting same-sex behaviour or orientation. The genetic influence did not come from one or two strong sources but from dozens of genetic variants that each added a small increased propensity for same-sex behaviour. |
關鍵詞 | Genetic basis, Homosexuality, Developmental environment, Same-sex behaviour, Study |
來源 | Mercatornet |
連結 | https://mercatornet.com/the-gay-gene-myth-has-been-exploded/24683/# |